Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) is the commonest of all muscular dystrophies due to defects in the X chromosome. Xp21 on X chromosome 1: 3500 male birth X-Linked recessive transmission; So only in BOYS (or in girls with sex chromosome disorder) Failure to code in the dystrophin gene Dystrophin gene: Required for the stability of cell […]
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Spine examination consists of a step-by-step evaluation of the pathology of the spine from inspection to special tests. Spine Examination consists History taking General Examinations Look Feel Movements and Measurements Special tests Neurological evaluation History taking in Spine Cases Mechanical Back Pain Radicular Pain Instability Claudication Inflammatory Infective Tumor Mechanical Back Pain Radicular Pain Instability […]
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As per the scoliosis research society (SRS), scoliosis is defined as an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine measuring more than 10° on the radiograph. However, if the curvature is less than 10° then it is called spinal asymmetry. Classifications of Scoliosis Idiopathic Infantile Juvenile Adolescent Neuromuscular Neurogenic UMN type LMN type Myogenic Congenital Failure […]
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