Femoroacetabular impingement is the abnormal contact between the proximal femur and the acetabulum during terminal motion
It leads to damage to the acetabular labrum and articular cartilage due to injury
Classification of Femoroacetabular impingement
CAM-type Femoroacetabular impingement
Pincer-type Femoroacetabular impingement
Classification and differences are illustrated below:
Clinical Features of Femoroacetabular impingement
Femoroacetabular impingement symptoms are given below:
Pain in the groin region with an insidious onset
Exacerbated by exercises and may be positional
Tenderness on hip palpation
Asymmetrical range of motion
Imaging
Cross over sign
Appearances of the anterior acetabular wall lying anterior to posterior acetabular wall in the superior portion of joint
Alpha angle
Angle is formed by two lines :
- The line through the centers of the femoral head and neck
- Line through center of femoral head to the point of no specificity of the femoral head
Treatment of Femoroacetabular impingement
Initial treatment always begins with nonoperative measures:
Non-operative
Activities modification
Femoroacetabular impingement exercises
NSAIDs
Physical therapy
No response to conservative treatment: Arthroscopic management
The aim of Surgical treatment is
- Treat labral pathology and chondral damage
- Remove sites of bony impingement
- The reestablished femoral head and neck offset
This impingement is common in pregnancy and following Total hip replacement if not fixed properly.
See also: Hip Examination
See also: Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis
See also: Tuberculosis of the Hip Joint
