Tuberculosis of the Hip joint comprises 15% of all osteoarticular tuberculosis which is next to the spine in skeletal tuberculosis. Pathophysiology of TB Hip Occurs in two different scenarios that are discussed below: When the infection starts from the epiphysis/ neck of the femur (Intracapsular) exudative process causes diffuse decalcification of the upper end of […]
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Girdlestone Arthroplasty of Hip Joint is the Salvage Procedure with the removal of femoral and acetabular components Girldestone (1950) Excision of the femoral head, neck, proximal part of the trochanter, and the acetabulum rim for deep-seated chronic infection of the hip joint Then advised loose packing of the raw area (Left after excision ) by […]
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A thoracic outlet syndrome is a group of disorders where blood vessels and nerves are entrapped between following potential spaces. It contains: Subclavian artery Subclavian vein Brachial plexus 3 potential space for compression Interscalene Space The costa-clavicular space Space between: 1st Rib Clavicle Subclavis muscle Sub-pectoralis minor space The enclosure is formed by the coracoid, […]
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Brachial Plexus injuries are one of the most important topics, its pathogenesis investigation and management are to be known. Anatomy of brachial plexus C5 – C8 nerve roots are lateral to scalene muscles Branches from roots Dorsal Scapular nerve (C5): Rhomboids and levator scapulae Nerve to subclavius (C5, C6): Subclavius Long thoracic nerve (C5, C6, […]
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Marfan syndrome is an inherited disorder that affects Type I collagen (Alpha 2) Incidence : 1: 10,000 Autosomal dominant It involves: Skeletal Ocular Cardiovascular Pulmonary Skin Integument Dura Mutation in type 1 fibrillin (FBN 1) : Major component of microfibril 3 Types Mis-sense mutation Small insertion/ deletion mutation exon skipping mutation Ghent Diagnostic Criteria for Marfan Syndrome […]
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Klippel Feil syndrome is a heterogeneous group characterized by the presence of a congenital defect in the formation or segmentation of the cervical spine that results in restriction of neck motion and neurological phenomena. Associated abnormalities Congenital scoliosis (Most common) Rib abnormalities Sprengel’s syndrome Deafness Synkinesia Genitourinary Cardiovascular abnormalities Incidence: 1: 40000 birth Pathology Several […]
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Panner’s disease is avascular necrosis of the capitulum of the distal humerus commonly seen in the age group of 5-11 years. Most commonly occurs in the dominant elbow AVN of the capitulum is secondary to trauma Interferences of blood supply of growing epiphysis of capitulum result in resorption later on repair and replacement of the […]
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Mallet finger occurs due to disruption of terminal extensor tendon results in DIP joint extension lag which is called Baseball finger Etiology A forceful blow to the tip of the finger causes Sudden flexion over the DIP Hyperextension injuries with fracture of the dorsal lip of dorsal phalanx Classification of Mallet finger Type Features Type […]
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Rheumatoid Hand is rheumatoid arthritis affecting the hand which mainly involves synovial lining and tendon sheath This disease process will invade and destroys ligaments and tendons Usually DIP is spared Main problems are Tenosynovitis Tendon rupture Joint synovitis Joint arthritis Hand deformities Different stages of Joint involvement in Rheumatoid hand Stage I: Synovitis without deformity […]
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Fat embolism syndrome is first coined by Dr. Von Bergmann Fat Embolism Fat emboli pass through the bloodstream and lodge within blood vessels Fat Embolism Syndrome The serious manifestation of fat embolism occasional cause multisystem dysfunction, lungs are more involved than the brain (Physiological responses) Onset: 24-72 hours of insult Closed fracture > Open fracture […]
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